Welcome to the chapter Real Numbers, which lays a strong mathematical foundation for Class 10. In this chapter, you will understand Euclid’s Division Lemma and learn how it is used to find the HCF of two given positive integers. You will also study the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic, which explains the unique prime factorisation of every composite number.

Using these concepts, you will learn to solve numerical problems through the prime factorization method and apply logical reasoning to determine HCF and LCM. This chapter strengthens your number sense and problem-solving skills and plays a crucial role in preparing you for board examinations and higher-level mathematics.