In this chapter, students will learn about ordered pairs and understand how to check the equality of two ordered pairs. They will study the concept of the Cartesian product of sets, which forms the basis for defining relations between sets. This chapter helps students understand how elements of one set are connected to elements of another set in a structured way.

Students will further learn to define and identify relations as subsets of Cartesian products and understand their representation. The chapter also introduces the concept of functions, explaining how a function assigns exactly one output to each input. This chapter builds a strong foundation for advanced topics such as calculus, probability, and higher-level functions.